(aka Deacon L.J. Bates) (born July 1897, Couchman,TX; died December 1929, Chicago, Ill)
Blind Lemon Jefferson was one of the most influential country bluesmen the genre has known, as well as one of its first commercially successful recording artists. Jefferson's recording career was short; his nearly one hundred titles were all recorded between 1926 and 1929. But in that time he became one of the most popular male blues singers in black America. His success enabled other male blues artists to secure recording contracts in an era that was dominated by female classic blues singers such as BESSIE SMITH, MA RAINEY, and IDA COX. Little of substance is known about Jefferson's personal life. One of seven children, he was born blind in the late 1800s in East Texas and, most likely, learned to play guitar as a means of scraping out a meager living. Jefferson's handicap didn't hamper his artistry or his resourcefulness as an itinerant bluesman. In 1917, after performing at house parties, picnics, and dances around Worthman in central Texas, Jefferson moved to the Deep Ellum section of Dallas, where he played on street corners for spare change. Jefferson's reputation as singer-guitarist grew to the point where he attracted regular patrons when he played, and he earned enough money through tin-cup offerings to support a wife and child.
Although Jefferson is known as a bluesman, he also sang and played religious hymns, spirituals, work songs, and folk tunes in the tradition of a Southern songster. His vocal style included many of the mannerisms that would later define blues singing, including an elastic, thinly veneered vocal whine. But it was Jefferson's guitar style that had the biggest impact on his contemporaries and future generations of bluesmen. Jefferson constructed intricate melodic structures punctuated with irregular phrasing that often expanded standard tempo patterns. He also used, to great effect, single-string arpeggios, repeating bass runs on the lower guitar strings, and interesting jazzlike improvisations, which gave his style wonderful color and charisma.
Jefferson was also a first-rate songwriter and permanently altered the relationship that blues singers of the time had with professional songwriters. Before Jefferson, nearly all of the female classic blues singers relied on songs written by outsiders. Jefferson recorded many of his own songs. Some were admittedly take-offs on traditional folk-blues songs, but at his composing best, Jefferson artfully penned vivid lyrical accounts of eraly 1900s black culture in the South, especially Texas. Part of Jefferson's early fame stemmed from his regular travels beyond Dallas. There are accounts of him performing in Oklahoma, the Mississippi Delta, Atlanta, and the Carolinas. But it wasn't until 1925, when Jefferson was recommended to Paramount Records by SAMMY PRICE, a Dallas piano player/record store employee, and was invited to Chicago to record, that he had his biggest impact. Jefferson recorded blues and spirituals, the latter under the pseudonym Deacon L.J. Bates. His recording success led Paramount to search for other male blues singer-guitarists. In late 1926 they discovered BLIND BLAKE, who along with Jefferson provided Paramount with the two biggest-selling country bluesmen of the decade. Jefferson also recorded some sides for the Okeh label in 1927, including ''Match Box Blues'' and ''That Black Snake Moan''.
Jefferson recorded a number of other self-penned classics. ''See That My Grave is Kept Clean'' was an early blues spiritual tune that has been interpreted by countless blues musicians and has since become a permanent fixture in the country blues songbook. Jefferson also cut a number of East Texas folk-blues standards, including ''Jack O'Diamonds'' about the perils of gambling, ''Boll Weevil Blues'' about the dreaded insect that ravaged the East Texas cotton crop in the early twentieth century, and a revamped ''See See Rider'', which Jefferson called ''Corrina Blues''. Blind Lemon Jefferson died just as the first great blues era was coming to a close. The fact that no official death certificate has ever been found has given rise to numerous accounts of his passing in December 1929. The most colorful had Jefferson freezing to death in a Chicago snowstorm. Another account blamed a heart attack for his demise. It's quite possible that Jefferson suffered a heart attack during a Chicago snowstorm.
Track Listing
1. Broke and HUngry
2. Bad Luck Blues
3. Matchbox Blues
4. Easy Rider Blues
5. Rambler Blues
6. One Dime Blues
7. Mean Jumper Blues
8. Hangmans Blues
9. Oil Well Blues
10. Tin Cup Blues
11. Big Night Blues
12. Southern Woman blues
13. That Crawlin' Baby Blues
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